Orchard-heater.



wl'c. SCHEU.

- ORCHARD HEATER.

- APPLICATION FILED JUNE Z. 19H. I LMR QQRQ Patented Aug. 3,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

w. c. SCYHEU.

ORCHARD HEATER. APPLICATfON FILED JUNE 2' 1914.

2 SHEETS-7SHEET 2.

Fig.9. V l\7 J G V N WlT/VESSES: I l/w/avrbn I Q I William 0.5017511 B O/ILQLM R 15 I159 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 3, 1915.

fee

deflector means a jace'nt to WILLIAM C. SCHEU, 0F GRAND JUNCTION, GOLORADO,"ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF T0 S. B. HAMPTON, OF CORONA, CALIFORNIA.

' ORCHARD-HEATER.

messes.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. Semen, a citizen of the United States, I'GSldlllg' at Grand Junction, in the county of Mesa and State of Colorado, have invented a new and useful Orchard-Heater, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates-to heaters for protection of orchards, etc., and the main object of the invention is to provide a heater which will burn cheap fuel, such as crude oil, or distillate, with little or no smoke or smudge, and with substantially perfect combustion, so as to utilize the full heating capacity of the fuel.

Another object of my invention is to fa-' cilitate the ignition of the fuel.

A further object of the invention is to rovide for indicating the level of the fuel in the heater, to facilitate filling the fuel receptacle.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention, and referring thereto: Figure 1 is a side elevation of the heater. Fig. 2 is a section on line w w in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on line ai -m m Fig. 2. 'Fi' 4 is a perspective of the cover for the fue receptacle, viewed from below.

Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are broken side elevations of modified forms of the stack for the heater. Figs. 8 and 9 are side elevations showmg modifications of the stack. Figs. 10 to 13 are partial vertical sections showing further modifications.

The heater comprises a pot or fuel receptacle 1, a cover 2 therefor, and a stack 3 rising from the cover. The pot or. fuel receptacle 1 may be of any suitable size and shape, and the cover 2 is preferably formed so as to fit on the edge of-the pot 1, forming a substantially tight ijoint. Cover 2 is preferably formed of frusto-conical shapeand is provided at its center with an opening 2' having a raised rim on flange 4.-on which the stack 3 fits tightly. p

The stack 3 is provided with lateral or side openings or erforations 5 and with: said openings, said deflector meansbeing adapted to direct the air entering said openings so that it enters the stack obliquely. T ese deflector means are preferably formed bfbendingor or-material displacing outwardly the me 7 of the stack adjacent to and directly above Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. a, 1915.

application filed. 1 une 2, 1914. Serial No. 842,361.

each opening. said openings being formed as slits extending circumferentially of the stacl z, and said bent out metal portions bemg in the form of conical segments bulging from the stack, so as to extend obliquely outward and downward from the stack,

forming a louver or projection 6 over each or more of the rows of deflectors may be reverse ly arranged, as shown for the top row, in F gs. 1 and 3, and in that case an inclmed ring 7 is preferably provided over such row of deflectors to act as a watershed therefor. The perforated stack 3 may be of any suitable length, to provide for complete combustion, and may be used alone or may be prov ded wlth-an upward extension 8, as shown in Fig. 1, extending to a suflicient height to provide the required draft. The

perforated part of the stack is preferably at a low level, as shown in Fig. 1, but, as shown m Fig. 8, theperforate stack portion 3 may be part way up the stack; or as shown in Fig. 9, it may be at the to of the stack.

In some cases all of the de ectors may be directed upward and outward, as shown in Fig 9.; v

, he heater is provided with an air-inlet means, preferably in the. cover 2, and consisting of an opening 10 in a raised portion .11 of the cover, andprovided with a closure means 12, consisting of a platepivotally mounted on said raised portion of the cover and having suitable handle means 14. Be

low said raised portion of the cover a cup or receptacle 1? provided, adapted to receive fuel for lgmtmg the vapor generated in the main receptacle; 1. Such raised portion of the cover has an opening 17 extending over the cup or receptacle 15, to enable filling therepf, as well as ignition of the charge -'there1n, said opening also preferably extend ng beyond the edge of the cup, so that a pprtlon of the fluid inserted therethrough fall into the main receptacle, as hereinafter set forth. The-cup or receptacle 15 has outlet openings 18 communicating with .the interior of the main receptacle 1, these outlet openings being above the bottom of sa d receptacle, so that the lower portion of said receptacle i'sseparate from the min fuel receptacle .1 and is adapted to retain a body of fuel separate from and out of contact with the fuel in the main receptacle.

Cover 2 is also'preferably provided with filling opening having a closure means 21, formed as a plate pivoted on a raised portion 22 of the cover. Said closure means is provided with handle means 23 and may have a down-turned flange 24: at its outer and rear edges, fitting against the wall 25 of said raised portion when the closure meniber is in closed position.

Means are provided for indicating in the receptacle 1, a definite-level to which the fuel is to be filledin the receptacle, said means consisting of a plate or member 28 attached to any suitable part of the heater, for example to the cover 2, and having a portion, such as a flange 29, extending horizontally at the level to which the fuel is to be filled, this indicating portion being so positioned adjacent to and below the filling opening 20 as to be visible through such opening. In. case the stack opening. of the heater is used as the filling opening, the 1ndicating means may be provided below the stack, as shown at 29 in Fig. 12..

The igniting cup 15 is preferably carried by the cover 2 and is preferably arranged 30 at such height, as shown in Fig. 3, that when the main receptacle is filled to the proper height, a portion of the oil'or fuel will enter this igniting cup or receptacle. If desired, however, the igniting receptacle may be supported on the main receptacle 1, as shown at 15 in Fig. 11, and as shown at 15 in I Fig. 10 it may be located above the level of the fuel in the main receptacle so as to re- The operation is as follows; assuming that the construction is as shown in Fig. 3. When the heater is to be started in opera-.

. tion, some easily ignited fuel, such as distillate, is poured through openlng 17, so as to enter igniting cup 15 and also enter the main receptacle 1. This igniting fluid. is ignited at the same time, and burns with the aid of the air entering through the air inlet 10, forming a pilot flame which passes through the outlet openings 18 over the,

body of fuel in the main receptacle and into the stack 3. At the same time, combustion ensues in the main receptacle 1 over the body ofoil therein, sufiicient to gradually generate vapor, and when the vapor so generated rises/into the stack 3 and meets.the auxiliary air admitted through the openings or perforations 5' in the stack, it forms a combustible mixture with such air and this mixture is ignited by the pilot flame from the igniting receptacle. The air inlet means in the cover 2 are so adjusted that the amount of air admitted to the main receptacle is substantially that which is required for generation of vapor, and the main combustion does not ensue until the vapor enters the stack and is mixed with the auxiliary air therein. Under proper conditions of air supply I have found that the combustion proceeds in the perforated portion of the stack by a series of repeated explosions, the air and products of combustion being alternately drawn in and expelled through the openings 5 in the stack, causing an efl'ective mixture of the air with the vapor and resulting effective combustion of the fuel. Under these conditions substantially no smoke or smudge is produced, and the heat produced by the fuel is mainly destack, which is preferably at a loW level, as stated, so that the heat is produced near the ground, where it is wanted.

In the case of the form of the invention shown in Fig. 10 the operation is substantially as above described, except that the igniting cup is filled separately, in case a heavy fuel, for retarded combustion is desired therein; or this cup may be charged only with the easily ignited fuel, at the time of starting the heater.

Various modifications may be made in the form and construction of the parts. For

example, as shown in Fig. 5, thedeflector means cooperating with the openings in the stack may. be formed as inclined annular .flanges 31 on the stack 32, extending .over

the openings 34 in the stack. Or, as shown in Fig. 6, the deflectors 35 extend over a vertically arranged row of openings 36 in the stack; or as in Fig.7, a single deflector hood 37 may extend over all the openings 38, in the stack 39.

-As shown in Fig. 13, the igniting cup, indicated at 15*,may be so located as to discharge the igniting fiame directly, into the stack 41.

What I claim is:

1. In an orchard heater, a receptacle for fuel provided with air inlet means, a cover 'veloped at the'perforated portion of the for said receptacle, and a stack mounted on said cover and opening at its bottom into the space at the top of the receptacle and di 'rectly below the cover, so as to form a combustion chamber at the lower part of said stack, in. direct and free communication with the interior of thefuel receptacle, said stack being provided with perforations "in its side wall, establishing direct communi-c cation from the outerair to said combustion chamber, and with deflector means extending obliquely downward and outward adJacent to said perforations.

2. In an orchard heater, a receptacle for fuel provided with air inlet means, a cover for said receptacle, and a stack mounted on said cover, and opening at its lower end into the space atthe top of the receptacle and directly below the cover, so as to form a combustion chamber at the lower part of said stack, in direct and free communication with theinterior of the fuel receptacle, said stack being rovided with perforations in its side we 1, establishing direct communication from the outer air to said combustion chamber. and the wall of the stack being bent adjacent to each perforation, to form a deflector extending obliquely outward and downward.

3. In an orchard heater, a receptacle forfuel provided with air inlet means, a cover for said receptacle, and a stack mounted on said cover and opening at its lower end into the upper part of the receptacle, so as to form a combustion chamber at the lower part of said stack, in direct and free communication with the interior of the fuel receptacle, said stack being sprovided with perforations in its side wall, establishing direct communication from the outer air to said combustion chamber, and with an outwardly and downwardly extending deflector adjacent to each perforation.

4. In an orchard heater, the combination of a main fuel receptacle, means therefor, ing fuel having from the main tain a body of fuel separate from and out of contact with the fue in the main fuel receptacle, said cover means extending over cover and stack and a receptacle for ignitits lower portion separate said last named receptacle and being provided with an opening for filling [and i ition of fuel in said last named receptati: and closure means for said opening.

5 In an orchard heater, the combination with the main fuel receptacle, of a. rece tacle for igniting fuel commumcatin tion separate from the main fuel from and from and out of contact with the fuel receptacle, so as to rewit the 7 main receptacle and having its ower porreceptacle.

6. In an orchard heater,.the combination with'the main fuel receptacle, of a receptacle for ignitingfuel communicating with said main fuel receptacle and having its lower portion separate from the main fuel receptacle to retain a body of fuel separate fuel in the main fuel receptacle, and means for admitting air to said receptacle forigniting fuel.

7. In an orchard heater, the combination with a main fuel receptacle, provided with means for admission of air tial. combustion of the fuel an generation of vapor therefrom; v of a receptacle for igniting fuel adapted to produce a flame in contact with the vapor generated in the main receptacle, ing fuel having from the main fuel receptacle to retain a body of fuel out of contact with the fuel in the main receptacle.

8. In an orchard heater, the combination said receptacle for ignitwith a fuel receptacle provided with a cover and stack, and with a lhng opening in said cover, of an indicator supported in fixed position in said receptacle, and having a,

portion extending horizontally below and adjacent to said opening, to indicate the level to whichthe receptacle is to be filled.

9. As an article of manufacture, a stack for orchard heaters having its lower end formed to fit on an orchard heater, having a plurality of circumferential rows oi:'--app 1 1'-- ings in its lower portion, formed as circumferential slits in its side wall, and said stack being provided with louvers over said openings,.said louvers'being formed by bulging out the portions of the stack wall directly over said openings to form outwardly and downwardly inclined deflectors, in continuous connection with the wall of the stack at each side of said'bulged out portions.

to roduce parits lower portion separate 1 In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set I 

